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Checkpoint Exam: IP Addressing Exam

This exam will cover material from Modules 11 - 13 of the CCNA1 - Introduction to Networks v7.0 (ITN) curriculum.

© 2023, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Question

Which subnet would include the address 192.168.1.96 as a usable host address?

192.168.1.64/26
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.32/28
192.168.1.64/29

Correct: For the subnet of 192.168.1.64/26, there are 6 bits for host addresses, yielding 64 possible addresses. However, the first and last subnets are the network and broadcast addresses for this subnet. Therefore, the range of host addresses for this subnet is 192.168.1.65 to 192.168.1.126. The other subnets do not contain the address 192.168.1.96 as a valid host address.

Question

A technician uses the ping 127.0.0.1 command. What is the technician testing?

the TCP/IP stack on a network host
connectivity between two adjacent Cisco devices
connectivity between a PC and the default gateway
connectivity between two PCs on the same network
physical connectivity of a particular PC and the network

Correct: 127.0.0.1 is the local loopback address on any TCP/IP network device. By pinging this address, the technician is verifying the TCP/IP protocol stack on that particular device.

Question

What is the purpose of ICMP messages?

to inform routers about network topology changes
to ensure the delivery of an IP packet
to provide feedback of IP packet transmissions
to monitor the process of a domain name to IP address resolution

Correct: The purpose of ICMP messages is to provide feedback about issues that are related to the processing of IP packets.

Question

A network administrator has received the IPv6 prefix 2001:DB8::/48 for subnetting. Assuming the administrator does not subnet into the interface ID portion of the address space, how many subnets can the administrator create from the /48 prefix?

16
256
4096
65536

Correct: With a network prefix of 48, there will be 16 bits available for subnetting because the interface ID starts at bit 64. Sixteen bits will yield 65536 subnets.

Question

A message is sent to all hosts on a remote network. Which type of message is it?

limited broadcast
multicast
directed broadcast
unicast

Correct: A directed broadcast is a message sent to all hosts on a specific network. It is useful for sending a broadcast to all hosts on a nonlocal network. A multicast message is a message sent to a selected group of hosts that are part of a subscribing multicast group. A limited broadcast is used for a communication that is limited to the hosts on the local network. A unicast message is a message sent from one host to another.

Question

What is the prefix length notation for the subnet mask 255.255.255.224?

/25
/26
/27
/28

Correct: The binary format for 255.255.255.224 is 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000. The prefix length is the number of consecutive 1s in the subnet mask. Therefore, the prefix length is /27.

Question

What are two types of IPv6 unicast addresses? (Choose two.)

multicast
loopback
link-local
anycast
broadcast

Correct: Multicast, anycast, and unicast are types of IPv6 addresses. There is no broadcast address in IPv6. Loopback and link-local are specific types of unicast addresses.

Question

A company has a network address of 192.168.1.64 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192. The company wants to create two subnetworks that would contain 10 hosts and 18 hosts respectively. Which two networks would achieve that? (Choose two.)

192.168.1.16/28
192.168.1.64/27
192.168.1.128/27
192.168.1.96/28
192.168.1.192/28

Correct: Subnet 192.168.1.64 /27 has 5 bits that are allocated for host addresses and therefore will be able to support 32 addresses, but only 30 valid host IP addresses. Subnet 192.168.1.96/28 has 4 bits for host addresses and will be able to support 16 addresses, but only 14 valid host IP addresses.

Question

An administrator wants to create four subnetworks from the network address 192.168.1.0/24. What is the network address and subnet mask of the second useable subnet?

subnetwork 192.168.1.64
subnet mask 255.255.255.192
subnetwork 192.168.1.32
subnet mask 255.255.255.240
subnetwork 192.168.1.64
subnet mask 255.255.255.240
subnetwork 192.168.1.128
subnet mask 255.255.255.192
subnetwork 192.168.1.8
subnet mask 255.255.255.224

Correct: The number of bits that are borrowed would be two, thus giving a total of 4 useable subnets:
192.168.1.0
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.192
Because 2 bits are borrowed, the new subnet mask would be /26 or 255.255.255.192

Question

How many bits must be borrowed from the host portion of an address to accommodate a router with five connected networks?

two
three
four
five

Correct: Each network that is directly connected to an interface on a router requires its own subnet. The formula 2ⁿ, where n is the number of bits borrowed, is used to calculate the available number of subnets when borrowing a specific number of bits.

Question

How many host addresses are available on the 192.168.10.128/26 network?

30
32
60
62
64

Correct: A /26 prefix gives 6 host bits, which provides a total of 64 addresses, because 2⁶ = 64. Subtracting the network and broadcast addresses leaves 62 usable host addresses.

Question

How many host addresses are available on the network 172.16.128.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0?

510
512
1022
1024
2046
2048

Correct: A mask of 255.255.252.0 is equal to a prefix of /22. A /22 prefix provides 22 bits for the network portion and leaves 10 bits for the host portion. The 10 bits in the host portion will provide 1022 usable IP addresses (2¹⁰ - 2 = 1022).

Question

$The exhibit shows a graphic of two routers, two switches, and two PCs cabled together. PC1, with an IP address of 192.168.1.1, is connected to switch SW1. SW1 is connected to router R1. R1 is connected by a serial cable to router R2. R2 is connected to switch SW2. SW2 is connected to PC2, which has an IP address of 10.1.0.2. The administrator issues a tracert command from PC1 and gets the following output: C:\tracert 10.1.0.2 Tracing route to 10.1.0.2 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 2ms 2ms 2ms 192.168.1.254 2 * * * Request timed out 3 * * * Request timed out 4 ^C$

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is trying to troubleshoot connectivity between PC1 and PC2 and uses the tracert command from PC1 to do it. Based on the displayed output, where should the administrator begin troubleshooting?

PC2
R1
SW2
R2
SW1

Correct: Tracert is used to trace the path a packet takes. The only successful response was from the first device along the path on the same LAN as the sending host. The first device is the default gateway on router R1. The administrator should therefore start troubleshooting at R1.

Question

Which protocol supports Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) for dynamic assignment of IPv6 addresses to a host?

ARPv6
DHCPv6
ICMPv6
UDP

Correct: SLAAC uses ICMPv6 messages when dynamically assigning an IPv6 address to a host. DHCPv6 is an alternate method of assigning an IPv6 addresses to a host. ARPv6 does not exist. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) provides the functionality of ARP for IPv6 networks. UDP is the transport layer protocol used by DHCPv6.

Question

Given IPv6 address prefix 2001:db8::/48, what will be the last subnet that is created if the subnet prefix is changed to /52?

2001:db8:0:f00::/52
2001:db8:0:8000::/52
2001:db8:0:f::/52
2001:db8:0:f000::/52

Correct: Prefix 2001:db8::/48 has 48 network bits. If we subnet to a /52, we are moving the network boundary four bits to the right and creating 16 subnets. The first subnet is 2001:db8::/52 the last subnet is 2001:db8:0:f000::/52.

Question

Which service provides dynamic global IPv6 addressing to end devices without using a server that keeps a record of available IPv6 addresses?

stateful DHCPv6
SLAAC
static IPv6 addressing
stateless DHCPv6

Correct: Using stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC), a PC can solicit a router and receive the prefix length of the network. From this information the PC can then create its own IPv6 global unicast address.

Question

What type of IPv6 address is FE80::1?

loopback
link-local
multicast
global unicast

Correct: Link-local IPv6 addresses start with FE80::/10, which is any address from FE80:: to FEBF::. Link-local addresses are used extensively in IPv6 and allow directly connected devices to communicate with each other on the link they share.

Question

Match each IPv4 address to the appropriate address category.

192.168.100.161/25
- host address
- network address
- broadcast address
203.0.113.100/24
- host address
- network address
- broadcast address
172.110.12.64/28
- host address
- network address
- broadcast address
10.10.10.128/25
- host address
- network address
- broadcast address
10.0.0.159/27
- host address
- network address
- broadcast address
192.168.1.191/26
- host address
- network address
- broadcast address

Correct:

Options matched to the correct selection.

host address	network address	broadcast address
192.168.100.161/25	172.110.12.64/28	10.0.0.159/27
203.0.113.100/24	10.10.128/25	192.168.1.191/26

Partly correct:

Options matched to the correct selection.

host address	network address	broadcast address
192.168.100.161/25	172.110.12.64/28	10.0.0.159/27
203.0.113.100/24	10.10.128/25	192.168.1.191/26

Incorrect:

Options matched to the correct selection.

host address	network address	broadcast address
192.168.100.161/25	172.110.12.64/28	10.0.0.159/27
203.0.113.100/24	10.10.128/25	192.168.1.191/26

Question

Media description: An IPv6 network address with 64 bit network mask is shown. The first three blocks are 2001, DB8, and 1234. The fourth block shows four zeros. The first zero is labeled SIte, the second and third zeros are labeled together as Sub-site, the last zero is labeled Subnet.

Refer to the exhibit. A company is deploying an IPv6 addressing scheme for its network. The company design document indicates that the subnet portion of the IPv6 addresses is used for the new hierarchical network design, with the site subsection to represent multiple geographical sites of the company, the sub-site section to represent multiple campuses at each site, and the subnet section to indicate each network segment separated by routers. With such a scheme, what is the maximum number of subnets achieved per sub-site?

0
4
16
256

Correct: Because only one hexadecimal character is used to represent the subnet, that one character can represent 16 different values 0 through F.

Question

What three blocks of addresses are defined by RFC 1918 for private network use? (Choose three.)

10.0.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/12
192.168.0.0/16
100.64.0.0/14
169.254.0.0/16
239.0.0.0/8

Correct: RFC 1918, Address Allocation for Private Internets, defines three blocks of IPv4 address for private networks that should not be routable on the public Internet.

10.0.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/12
192.168.0.0/16

Question

What is used in the EUI-64 process to create an IPv6 interface ID on an IPv6 enabled interface?

the MAC address of the IPv6 enabled interface
a randomly generated 64-bit hexadecimal address
an IPv6 address that is provided by a DHCPv6 server
an IPv4 address that is configured on the interface

Correct: The EUI-64 process uses the MAC address of an interface to construct an interface ID (IID). Because the MAC address is only 48 bits in length, 16 additional bits (FF:FE) must be added to the MAC address to create the full 64-bit interface ID.

Question

Two routers that are labeled A and B connect via a serial link, and each router has a switch that is attached through an Ethernet link. Beside the router A LAN are the words 172.16.16.0 /22.

Refer to the exhibit. An administrator must send a message to everyone on the router A network. What is the broadcast address for network 172.16.16.0/22?

172.16.16.255
172.16.20.255
172.16.19.255
172.16.23.255
172.16.255.255

Correct: The 172.16.16.0/22 network has 22 bits in the network portion and 10 bits in the host portion. Converting the network address to binary yields a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0. The range of addresses in this network will end with the last address available before 172.16.20.0. Valid host addresses for this network range from 172.16.16.1-172.16.19.254, making 172.16.19.255 the broadcast address.

Question

A site administrator has been told that a particular network at the site must accommodate 126 hosts. Which subnet mask would be used that contains the required number of host bits?

255.255.255.0
255.255.255.128
255.255.255.224
255.255.255.240

Correct: The subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 has 8 host bits. The mask of 255.255.255.128 results in 7 host bits. The mask of 255.255.255.224 has 5 host bits. Finally, 255.255.255.240 represents 4 host bits.

Question

The exhibit shows the R1 router with three separate connections to three switches. Each switch has a PC. Under each PC from left to right are the following numbers and words: 10.16.10.0/26, 10.16.10.192/28, and 25 hosts.

Refer to the exhibit. Considering the addresses already used and having to remain within the 10.16.10.0/24 network range, which subnet address could be assigned to the network containing 25 hosts?

10.16.10.160/26
10.16.10.128/28
10.16.10.64/27
10.16.10.224/26
10.16.10.240/27
10.16.10.240/28

Correct: Addresses 10.16.10.0 through 10.16.10.63 are taken for the leftmost network. Addresses 10.16.10.192 through 10.16.10.207 are used by the center network. The address space from 208-255 assumes a /28 mask, which does not allow enough host bits to accommodate 25 host addresses. The address ranges that are available include 10.16.10.64/26 and10.16.10.128/26. To accommodate 25 hosts, 5 host bits are needed, so a /27 mask is necessary. Four possible /27 subnets could be created from the available addresses between 10.16.10.64 and 10.16.10.191:
10.16.10.64/27
10.16.10.96/27
10.16.10.128/27
10.16.10.160/27

Question

What is the usable number of host IP addresses on a network that has a /26 mask?

256
254
64
62
32
16

Correct: A /26 mask is the same as 255.255.255.192. The mask leaves 6 host bits. With 6 host bits, 64 IP addresses are possible. One address represents the subnet number and one address represents the broadcast address, which means that 62 addresses can then be used to assign to network devices.

Question

What is the prefix for the host address 2001:DB8:BC15:A:12AB::1/64?

2001:DB8:BC15
2001:DB8:BC15:A
2001:DB8:BC15:A:1
2001:DB8:BC15:A:12

Correct: The network portion, or prefix, of an IPv6 address is identified through the prefix length. A /64 prefix length indicates that the first 64 bits of the IPv6 address is the network portion. Hence the prefix is 2001:DB8:BC15:A.

Question

An IPv6 enabled device sends a data packet with the destination address of FF02::1. What is the target of this packet?

the one IPv6 device on the link that has been uniquely configured with this address
all IPv6 enabled devices on the local link or network
only IPv6 DHCP servers
only IPv6 configured routers

Correct: This address is one of the assigned IPv6 multicast addresses. Packets addressed to FF02::1 are for all IPv6 enabled devices on the link or network. FF02::2 is for all IPv6 routers that exist on the network.

Question

Which protocol is used by the traceroute command to send and receive echo-requests and echo-replies?

SNMP
ICMP
Telnet
TCP

Correct: Traceroute uses the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to send and receive echo-request and echo-reply messages.

Question

What source IP address does a router use by default when the traceroute command is issued?

the highest configured IP address on the router
a loopback IP address
the IP address of the outbound interface
the lowest configured IP address on the router

Correct: When sending an echo request message, a router will use the IP address of the exit interface as the source IP address. This default behavior can be changed by using an extended ping and specifying a specific source IP address.

Question

Which address prefix range is reserved for IPv4 multicast?

240.0.0.0 - 254.255.255.255
224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255
169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255
127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255

Correct: Multicast IPv4 addresses use the reserved class D address range of 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Question

Which IPv6 prefix is reserved for communication between devices on the same link?

FC00::/7
2001::/32
FE80::/10
FDFF::/7

Correct: IPv6 link-local unicast addresses are in the FE80::/10 prefix range and are not routable. They are used only for communications between devices on the same link.

Question

Which type of IPv6 address refers to any unicast address that is assigned to multiple hosts?

unique local
global unicast
link-local
anycast

Correct: The IPv6 specifications include anycast addresses. An anycast address is any unicast IPv6 address that is assigned to multiple devices.

Question

Which ICMPv6 message is sent when the IPv6 hop limit field of a packet is decremented to zero and the packet cannot be forwarded?

network unreachable
time exceeded
protocol unreachable
port unreachable

Correct: ICMPv6 uses the hop limit field in the IPv6 packet header to determine if the packet has expired. If the hop limit field has reached zero, a router will send a time exceeded message back towards the source indicating that the router cannot forward the packet.

Question

A user executes a traceroute over IPv6. At what point would a router in the path to the destination device drop the packet?

when the value of the Hop Limit field reaches 255
when the value of the Hop Limit field reaches zero
when the router receives an ICMP time exceeded message
when the target host responds with an ICMP echo reply message

Correct: When a traceroute is performed, the value in the Hop Limit field of an IPv6 packet determines how many router hops the packet can travel. Once the Hop Limit field reaches a value of zero, it can no longer be forwarded and the receiving router will drop the packet.

Question

A high school in New York (school A) is using videoconferencing technology to establish student interactions with another high school (school B) in Russia. The videoconferencing is conducted between two end devices through the Internet. The network administrator of school A configures the end device with the IP address 209.165.201.10. The administrator sends a request for the IP address for the end device in school B and the response is 192.168.25.10. Neither school is using a VPN. The administrator knows immediately that this IP will not work. Why?

This is a loopback address.
This is a link-local address.
This is a private IP address.
There is an IP address conflict.

Correct: The IP address 192.168.25.10 is an IPv4 private address. This address will not be routed over the Internet, so school A will not be able to reach school B. Because the address is a private one, it can be used freely on an internal network. As long as no two devices on the internal network are assigned the same private IP, there is no IP conflict issue. Devices that are assigned a private IP will need to use NAT in order to communicate over the Internet.

Question

Which three addresses are valid public addresses? (Choose three.)

198.133.219.17
192.168.1.245
10.15.250.5
128.107.12.117
172.31.1.25
64.104.78.227

Correct: The ranges of private IPv4 addresses are as folllows:

10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

Question

PT Activity

Open the PT Activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then answer the question.

What are the three IPv6 addresses displayed when the route from PC1 to PC2 is traced? (Choose three.)

2001:DB8:1:1::1
2001:DB8:1:1::A
2001:DB8:1:2::2
2001:DB8:1:2::1
2001:DB8:1:3::1
2001:DB8:1:3::2
2001:DB8:1:4::1

Correct: Using the ipv6config command on PC2 displays the IPv6 address of PC2, which is 2001:DB8:1:4::A. The IPV6 link-local address, FE80::260:70FF:FE34:6930, is not used in route tracing. Using the tracert 2001:DB8:1:4::A command on PC1 displays four addresses: 2001:DB8:1:1::1, 2001:DB8:1:2::1 , 2001:DB8:1:3::2, and 2001:DB8:1:4::A.

Question

A host is transmitting a broadcast. Which host or hosts will receive it?

all hosts in the same subnet
a specially defined group of hosts
the closest neighbor on the same network
all hosts on the Internet

Correct: Correct

Question

A host is transmitting a unicast. Which host or hosts will receive it?

one specific host
a specially defined group of hosts
all hosts on the Internet
the closest neighbor on the same network

Correct: Correct

Question

A host is transmitting a unicast. Which host or hosts will receive it?

one specific host
a specially defined group of hosts
all hosts with the same IP address
the closest neighbor on the same network

Correct: Correct

Question